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Bicuspid Aortic Valve
Etiology

Congenital
Pathogenesis

Unknown for the congenital lesion.
Acquired subsequent calcific stenosis attributed to "wear and tear" mechanisms with hemodynamic changes attributed to deformities.,
Epidemiology

Affects 1-2% of the population.
General Gross Description

The two cusps are about equal in size. One of the two cusps is bisected into two deformed cusps by a thick fold extending from the annulus to the free margin, as if there were 3 cusps at first, one large and two smaller ones with fusion of the commissure between the two small ones.
Fibrosis and extensive calcification may ensue causing a severe aortic stenosis. The resulting calcific deposits and excrescences can be very deforming.
•Examples:
Bicuspid Aortic Valve with vegetations
General Microscopic Description

Fibrosis, hyalinization, and calcified amorphous matter are noted. The pathology is not that of arteriosclerosis or usual dystrophic calcification, which is not usually deforming.
•Examples:
References

Cotran RS, Kumar V, Robbins SL: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease. 5th ed. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders, 1994, pp. 545.

For Most Current Information Search Medline at National Library of Medicine
This link will directly take you to the relevant new literature
Bicuspid Aortic Valve
Synopsis by: J Hasson, MD (T39000M24570)[367]
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