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| Multiple Gestations (Greater than Twin) | ||
| Etiology • May be secondary to assisted fertility with implantation of multiple zygotes • Unknown if sporadic | ||
| Pathogenesis • Most assisted reproduction cases result from implantation of multiple zygotes resulting in "non-identical" twinning • Sporadic cases may show a mixture of monozygous and multizygous gestations (also occasional monozygous twinning in assisted reproduction), | ||
| Epidemiology • Increasing maternal age • Varies in racial groups • Assisted reproduction | ||
| General Gross Description • Multiple placental disks with and without fusion • Membrane appearance will vary depending on whether junctions are dichorionic or monochorionic •Examples: | ||
| General Microscopic Description • Dichorionic diamniotic junctions will show chorion intervening between the two amnions • Monochorionic diamniotic junctions will show no chorion intervening between the amnions •Examples: | ||
| Clinical Correlation • Increased risk for morbidity and mortality associated with premature delivery. | ||
| References • Benirschke K, Kaufmann P. Pathology of the human placenta, 3rd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1995, pp. 719-733. Please be patient during transfer. Medline will open in a new window. To return, close the Medline Window Multiple Gestations (Greater than Twin)
| Synopsis by: Melinda Sanders M.D. (T88100M29070)[433]
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