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| Gynecomastia | ||
| Etiology • Estrogen excess relative to androgens | ||
| Pathogenesis • Proliferation of both ducts and stroma, | ||
| Epidemiology • Disorder of the MALE breast • Puberty or old age • Associated with functioning testicular neoplasms (estrogenic) • Associated with cirrhosis • Seen in Klinefelter's syndrome | ||
| General Gross Description • Unilateral or bilateral • Growth initially subareolar •Examples: | ||
| General Microscopic Description • Duct hyperplasia without atypia with piling up of nuclei in ducts • No lobules found in the male breast • Periductal pallor and fibrosis with numerous fibroblast nuclei •Examples: | ||
| Clinical Correlation • Treatment by surgery • Indicator of hyperestrinic state | ||
| References • Cotran RS, Kumar V, Robbins SL: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease. 5th edition. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders, 1994, pp. 1109-1110. Please be patient during transfer. Medline will open in a new window. To return, close the Medline Window Gynecomastia
| Synopsis by: Melinda Sanders M.D. (T04000M71000)[317]
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